Insulin human
SIGMA/I3536 - recombinant, expressed in yeast, γ-irradiated, suitable for cell culture
Synonym: Insulin human
CAS Number: 11061-68-0
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation): C257H383N65O77S6
Molecular Weight: 5807.57
MDL Number: MFCD00131380
Linear Formula: C257H383N65O77S6
Product Type: Chemical
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| biological source | Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| form | lyophilized powder |
| InChI key | PBGKTOXHQIOBKM-FHFVDXKLSA |
| potency | ≥25 USP units per mg |
| Quality Level | 200  |
| recombinant | expressed in yeast |
| shipped in | ambient |
| solubility | 0.01 M HCl: 20 mg/mL, clear, colorless to faintly yellow |
| sterility | γ-irradiated |
| storage temp. | −20°C |
| technique(s) | cell culture | mammalian: suitable |
| UniProt accession no. | P01308  |
| Application: | Insulin human has been used for the following applications: • For adipogenic differentiation assays (in the preparation of medium supplement) • Incubation of cells for the evaluation of the effects of insulin • Mass spectrometry (used for the external caliberation) |
| Biochem/physiol Actions: | Insulin is responsible for two types of actions- excitatory and inhibitory. In its excitatory role, it increases the uptake of glucose and lipid synthesis, and in its inhibitory role it inhibits glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, proteolysis and ketogenesis. Aberrant insulin secretion leads to various disorders such as diabetes, hyperglycemia or hypoglycaemia. Type I diabetes is a result of autoimmune destruction of β cells of pancreas, which leads to depletion of insulin. Mutant INS-gene Induced Diabetes of Youth (MIDY) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by missense mutations, which lead to aberrant proinsulin folding. Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is caused by resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions: | Regulates the cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids and inhibits the breakdown of glycogen, protein, and fat. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions: | Two-chain polypeptide hormone produced by the β-cells of pancreatic islets. Its molecular weight is ~5800 Da. The α and β chains are joined by two interchain disulfide bonds. The α chain contains an intrachain disulfide bond. Insulin regulates the cellular uptake, utilization, and storage of glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids and inhibits the breakdown of glycogen, protein, and fat. |
| General description: | The INS gene encodes for preproinsulin, which is enzymatically converted into insulin. Insulin is produced in the insulin-producing pancreatic β cells. Preproinsulin is converted to proinsulin in ER and proinsulin is then proteolytically processed to form insulin in newly-forming insulin secretory granules. Insulin production is tightly regulated by specific DNA elements present within ∼400 bp in the proximal region of the INS promoter. |
| Other Notes: | InChI: 1S/C257H383N65O77S6/c1-29 |
| RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
| WGK Germany | WGK 2 |
| Flash Point(F) | Not applicable |
| Flash Point(C) | Not applicable |
| Storage Temp. | −20°C |
| UNSPSC | 12352209 |