Lipopolysaccharide from Porphyromonas gingivalis
SIGMA/SMB00610 - purified by phenol extraction
Synonym: LPS
Product Type: Chemical
LPS from P. gingivalis SMB00610 induces TNFα expression via Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) − RAW246.7 Macrophage cell line, and macrophage cell line derived from bone marrow Tlr2-/- mice were plated (4×104/well) in a 96 well plates and stimulated for 4 hr at 37 °C/5%CO2. LPS from P. gingivalis was added at the indicated concentrations (1 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL). Supernatants were collected after 18 hr and tested for TNFα expression by quantitative sandwich ELISA. These results are provided as courtesy of Prof. Gabriel Nussbaum, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.
| biological source | Porphyromonas gingivalis |
| color | white to faint yellow |
| form | powder |
| impurities | ≤3% Protein (Lowry) |
| purified by | phenol extraction |
| Quality Level | 200  |
| shipped in | ambient |
| solubility | triethylene glycol dimethyl ether: 0.90-1.10 mg/mL to hazy, colorless to light yellow |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| Application: | Lipopolysaccharide has been used: • as a treatment to stimulate acute lung injury in human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells • as an agonist for toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and to stimulate intestinal normal fibroblasts (NFs) to study osteopontin (OPN) expression in myofibroblasts • to study its effects on pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant genes expression in endothelial cells |
| Biochem/physiol Actions: | LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Additionally, it was demonstrated that the mechanisms by which LPS from E. coli and P. gingivalis modulate cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) surface expression, primary and secondary cytokine responses are different. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative bacterium that is known to be involved in adult periodontitis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the recession of the supportive tissue surrounding teeth. Studies have shown that the LPS from P. gingivalis plays an important role in this disease. A recent study demonstrated that LPS from P. gingivalis stimulates insulin secretion by the pancreatic β cell line, MIN6. In the presence of 5 mM glucose and 50-500 ng/mL LPS from P. gingivalis, a significant induction of insulin secretion was observed. |
| General description: | Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis. It differs from LPS from Escherichia coli in its structure and various functional activities. |
| Other Notes: | To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page. |
| Preparation Note: | LPS from P. gingivalis is soluble in water and cell culture medium DMEM (1-5 mg/mL), yielding a clear solution. |
| RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
| WGK Germany | WGK 3 |
| Flash Point(F) | Not applicable |
| Flash Point(C) | Not applicable |
| Storage Temp. | 2-8°C |
| UNSPSC | 12352211 |