Transforming Growth Factor-β1 from human platelets
SIGMA/T1654 - TGF-β1, lyophilized powder, suitable for cell culture, 1 × 106 U/mg
Synonym: TGF-β1
MDL Number: MFCD00166089
Product Type: Chemical
TGF-beta Signaling
Research areas: Apoptosis, Differentiation, Epithelial Mesenchymal transition, Cancer biology, Bone remodelling, Developmental biology, Inflammation, Metabolism
Disease areas: Gastrointestinal cancers, Pulmonary, liver and renal fibrosis, Diabetes, Tuberculosis
See also: T7039; H8541; B3555; 11412272001; H4791; H8791
Research areas: Apoptosis, Differentiation, Epithelial Mesenchymal transition, Cancer biology, Bone remodelling, Developmental biology, Inflammation, Metabolism
Disease areas: Gastrointestinal cancers, Pulmonary, liver and renal fibrosis, Diabetes, Tuberculosis
See also: T7039; H8541; B3555; 11412272001; H4791; H8791
| assay | ≥97% (SDS-PAGE and N-terminal analysis) |
| biological source | human |
| form | lyophilized powder |
| impurities | ≤1 EU/μgtested (LAL test) |
| mol wt | protein 25 kDa |
| packaging | pkg of 1 μg |
| pkg of 10 μg | |
| potency | 0.04-0.3 ng/mL ED50/EC50 |
| quality | endotoxin tested |
| Quality Level | 200  |
| specific activity | 1 × 106 U/mg |
| storage condition | avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles |
| storage temp. | −20°C |
| technique(s) | cell culture | mammalian: suitable |
| UniProt accession no. | P01137  |
| Analysis Note: | The biological activity is measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of mouse HT-2 cells. |
| Application: | Transforming Growth Factor-β1 from human platelets has been used • to study the induction of a-smooth muscle actin by transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-β1) in breast cancer cells. • to study the efficiency of TGF-β1 in promoting embryonic stem-like cell proliferation with or without feeders. • as control to analyse the isolated TGF-β1 HPLC using reverse-phase chromatography. • to induce profibrotic response in renal fibroblasts and further study functional role for Smad3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) T388 phosphorylation. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions: | TGF-β1 plays a key role in embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis. TGF-β1 is fundamentally involved in differentiation by mediating adipogenesis, myogenesis, chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, epithelial cell differentiation and immune cell function. TGF-β1 is a multifunctional peptide capable of influencing cell proliferation, migration, death, tissue growth, and other functions in a wide range of cell types. TGF-β1 is associated with the developmental and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Downregulation of TGF-β1 might lead to many disease conditions, including tumor formation. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions: | Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is produced by many cell types, but is reported to be most concentrated in mammalian platelets, where it is present at approximately four times the level of TGF-β2. |
| General description: | The biologically active form of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1 human) exists as a disulphide-linked homodimer. In mammals, three isoforms of TGF-β has been identified : TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3. TGF-β1 encodes a 25 kDa peptide. TGF-β1 precursor polypeptide is characterized with hydrophobic signal sequence, pro-region and mature peptide. Cleavage of the precursor at tetrabasic cleavage site results in monomers of carboxy-terminal 112 amino acids. The TGF-β1 gene is mapped to human chromosome 19q13.2. |
| Physical form: | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in 35% acetonitrile, 0.1% TFA, containing 50 ug of BSA per 1 ug cytokine |
| RIDADR | NONH for all modes of transport |
| WGK Germany | WGK 3 |
| Flash Point(F) | Not applicable |
| Flash Point(C) | Not applicable |
| Purity | ≥97% (SDS-PAGE and N-terminal analysis) |
| activity | specific activity: 1 × 106 U/mg |
| Storage Temp. | −20°C |
| UNSPSC | 12352200 |